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By the mid 1990s, demand for NEMT began to escalate, partly due to an increasing prevalence of certain medical conditions, but also largely related to the simple growth in the number of Medicaid recipients. The population of the U.S. had effectively doubled since Medicaid’s introduction and though utilization rates for the transportation benefit were still relatively low (typically, 10 percent or lower), simple growth in the number of Americans receiving Medicaid created increased demand.